Urethral caruncle

Urethral caruncles typically arise from a combination of hormonal changes and inflammation. They often occur in women after menopause, when estrogen levels decrease and the mucous membranes of the urinary tract become thinner and more susceptible to irritation. Additionally, chronic inflammation or infections can contribute to the development of these growths.

• A small, soft growth at the urethral opening
• Discomfort or pain during urination
• Light bleeding after sexual intercourse or when wiping
• In rare cases, burning or itching in the urethral region

The diagnosis is made through a physical examination of the affected area. In most cases, the urethral caruncle is visually recognizable. To clarify possible other diseases or infections, additional tests, such as a urine examination, can be conducted.

• Conservative treatment: Most urethral caruncles do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort. Local estrogen creams can be used to strengthen the mucous membranes and alleviate inflammation.
• Surgical removal: In cases where the caruncle causes discomfort or bleeding, surgical removal may be considered. This procedure is usually minimally invasive and performed under local anesthesia.

Since urethral caruncles are often associated with hormonal changes and inflammations, early treatment of hormonal imbalances, e.g., through estrogen replacement therapy, can reduce the risk of caruncle formation. Good intimate hygiene and protection against chronic inflammations also contribute to prevention.