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Urethral stricture
Causes of urethral stricture
- Injuries to the urethra from catheters or surgical procedures
- Chronic urinary tract infections or sexually transmitted diseases
- Trauma in the pelvic area
- Repeated inflammations of the urethra (urethritis)
Symptoms of urethral stricture
- Weak or interrupted urine stream
- Difficulty urinating
- Pain during urination
- Sensation of incomplete bladder emptying
- Frequent urinary tract infections
Diagnosis of urethral stricture
The diagnosis of a urethral stricture is made through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Uroflowmetry, a urine flow measurement, is used to assess the strength of the urine stream. In some cases, a cystoscopy is performed to examine the urethra and bladder. A retrograde urethrography with contrast medium helps determine the exact location of the narrowing.
Treatment options for urethral stricture
- Dilation: Mechanical widening of the urethra, used in mild cases, but may require repeated procedures
- Endoscopic Urethrotomy: A surgical procedure to cut or remove the narrowed area of the urethra
- Reconstructive Surgery: In severe cases, extensive reconstructive surgery may be necessary to permanently resolve the narrowed area
Preventive measures for urethral stricture
To reduce the risk of a urethral stricture, it is important to exercise caution during medical procedures such as catheterizations. Early and appropriate treatment of urinary tract infections can also help minimize the risk of a stricture.
Common Patient Questions About Urethral Stricture
Urethral strictures can be caused by various factors, including injuries, inflammations (e.g., due to urinary tract infections or sexually transmitted diseases), scar formation after surgeries or radiation therapy, as well as congenital malformations. Chronic irritations or repeated catheterizations can also lead to the development of a stricture.
The diagnosis of a urethral stricture is usually made through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging techniques. Common methods include urethroscopy, where a thin, flexible tube is inserted into the urethra, as well as imaging techniques such as ultrasound or X-ray examinations with contrast agents.
Treatment options for a urethral stricture include urethrotomy, where the stricture is surgically opened, and urethral dilation, where the urethra is gently stretched. In more severe cases, urethroplasty may also be necessary, where the affected area is removed and replaced with healthy tissue.
In some cases, a urethral stricture can initially be treated without surgery, especially if the stricture is mild. Methods such as regular dilation of the urethra (e.g., with a catheter) or medication treatments are used. However, in the long term, surgical intervention is often necessary to achieve a permanent solution.
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