How much should one drink?

Proper hydration plays a crucial role in the health of the urinary system. However, there is no universal recommendation for daily water intake, as this value depends on various factors, including age, gender, physical activity, climate, and overall health status. Both insufficient and excessive fluid intake can impair kidney function and bladder health and increase the risk of urological diseases.

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How does fluid intake affect the urinary system?

• Maintenance of water balance. Adequate fluid intake supports kidney function and ensures efficient filtration and elimination of toxins. • Prevention of urinary tract infections. Regular fluid intake helps flush bacteria from the bladder and reduces the risk of urinary tract infections. • Prevention of kidney stones. Adequate hydration dilutes urine and lowers the risk of stone formation. It is especially important for people with a predisposition to kidney stones to drink regularly throughout the day. • Support of bladder function. Balanced fluid intake promotes bladder capacity and can help alleviate conditions such as overactive bladder or urinary incontinence. • Regulation of electrolyte balance. Too much or too little fluid can disrupt the balance of electrolytes in the body, which can affect overall health.

Individual factors for proper hydration

Die benötigte Flüssigkeitsmenge variiert je nach Person. Folgende Faktoren beeinflussen den individuellen Flüssigkeitsbedarf:

Alter und Geschlecht. Männer haben aufgrund ihrer größeren Muskelmasse oft einen höheren Flüssigkeitsbedarf als Frauen. Ältere Menschen haben oft ein vermindertes Durstgefühl und müssen bewusster darauf achten, ausreichend zu trinken.
Körperliche Aktivität. Bei erhöhter körperlicher Anstrengung steigt der Flüssigkeitsbedarf, da durch das Schwitzen mehr Wasser verloren geht.
Klimatische Bedingungen. In heißen oder trockenen Klimazonen muss mehr Wasser aufgenommen werden, um den Flüssigkeitsverlust auszugleichen.
Gesundheitszustand. Bestimmte Erkrankungen wie Harnwegsinfektionen oder Nierensteine erfordern eine spezielle Flüssigkeitsaufnahme. Zum Beispiel wird bei einer Blasenentzündung empfohlen, täglich mindestens 2,5 Liter zu trinken, insbesondere Kräutertees oder schwach mineralisierte Wässer.
Ernährung. Eine salz- oder eiweißreiche Ernährung kann den Flüssigkeitsbedarf erhöhen, während wasserreiche Lebensmittel wie Obst und Gemüse zur Flüssigkeitszufuhr beitragen.

Recommendations for healthy hydration

• Listen to the feeling of thirst. The body usually signals in time when fluid is needed. However, one should not wait to drink until a strong feeling of thirst occurs. • Start the day with a glass of water. A glass of water in the morning helps to kick-start the metabolism and supply the body with fluid after nighttime dehydration. • Adjust fluid intake. On hot days, during physical exertion, or during illness, fluid intake should be increased. • Observe the color of urine. Light yellow urine indicates good hydration, while dark urine can be a sign of insufficient fluid intake. • Avoid excessive drinking. Excessive fluid intake can disrupt the electrolyte balance and, in rare cases, lead to water intoxication. • Distribute fluid intake regularly throughout the day. Instead of drinking large amounts at once, it is better to spread fluid intake over the entire day.

When should a doctor be consulted?

If unusual symptoms such as excessive thirst, frequent urination, or very dark urine occur, this may indicate a health disorder. People with existing kidney or bladder diseases should also discuss their fluid needs individually with a doctor.

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