Bedwetting or enuresis

Bedwetting can be caused by various factors, including genetic predisposition, delayed development of bladder control, hormonal imbalances (e.g., insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone ADH), small bladder capacity, and psychological factors such as stress or anxiety. Medical causes such as urinary tract infections, sleep apnea, or constipation can also play a role.

- Regular nocturnal bedwetting after the age of five

- No control over urine flow during sleep

- Frequent urge to urinate during the day may occur in some cases

The diagnosis is made through a thorough medical history and physical examination by a pediatric urologist. Important diagnostic measures include a urine test and an ultrasound examination of the kidneys and bladder. In many cases, a bladder diary and a wetting protocol are also kept to better understand the pattern and frequency of wetting.

Conservative: Behavioral changes such as reducing fluid intake before bedtime and regular toilet visits can help. Positive reinforcement, such as rewarding dry nights, is also important. 

Physiotherapy: Exercises to strengthen and control the bladder, pelvic floor training. 

Ergonomic aids: Use of special mattress pads and night underwear. 

Medications: Desmopressin to reduce urine production at night, anticholinergics to improve bladder capacity. 

Psychotherapy: Counseling to manage stress and anxiety that can exacerbate bedwetting.

Reward your child for dry nights and avoid punishments. Reduce fluid intake in the evening and encourage your child to go to the toilet before bedtime. Regular consultations with a pediatric urologist and, if necessary, psychological support can also be helpful.