Kidney function test

- Serum creatinine: Creatinine is a breakdown product of muscle metabolism that is excreted by the kidneys. Elevated serum creatinine levels may indicate impaired kidney function.

- Glomerular filtration rate (GFR): The GFR indicates how much blood is filtered by the kidneys per minute. It is often estimated based on serum creatinine levels, age, gender, and body size. A reduced GFR indicates kidney dysfunction.

- Blood urea nitrogen (BUN): Urea is an end product of protein metabolism. Elevated BUN levels may indicate reduced kidney function or other conditions such as dehydration.

- Cystatin C: A protein that is constantly produced in the body and filtered by the kidneys. It is considered a sensitive marker for kidney function and may be elevated, especially in the early stages of kidney disease.

- Urinalysis: The examination of urine can provide clues to kidney diseases, for example, by detecting protein, blood, or glucose in the urine.

- Creatinine clearance: Measures the amount of creatinine removed from the blood by the kidneys and requires both a blood sample and a 24-hour urine sample.

Renal function scintigraphy: A nuclear medicine procedure in which the function of both kidneys is assessed separately. A radioactive agent is injected, and the excretion by the kidneys is visually represented.

Regular kidney function tests are especially important for individuals with risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of kidney disease. They allow for early diagnosis and treatment to prevent or slow the progression of kidney diseases.

It is essential to discuss the test results with a doctor to ensure accurate interpretation and, if necessary, plan further diagnostic steps or therapies.