Urinary tract infection

The main cause of a bladder infection is a bacterial infection, usually by Escherichia coli (E. coli), which can travel from the intestines to the urethra and multiply in the bladder. Other risk factors include sexual intercourse, poor intimate hygiene, hormonal changes, the use of contraceptives such as diaphragms, and urinary tract abnormalities.

• Pain, burning, or stinging during urination
• Frequent and urgent need to urinate
• Dark, cloudy, or strong-smelling urine
• Pain in the lower abdomen
• General discomfort

The diagnosis is made by:

- History and physical examination: Interviewing the patient about symptoms and medical history.

- Urine test: To identify bacteria, blood, or other abnormalities in the urine.

- Bladder test: A bladder diary can help track symptoms and make the correct diagnosis.

Conservative: Antibiotics are the most common treatment to eliminate the infection. Drink plenty of water to flush the bladder and avoid irritating substances like caffeine and alcohol. 

Physiotherapy: Heat treatments such as hot water bottles can help alleviate discomfort. 

Ergonomic aids: Use of special products for intimate care that do not disturb the pH balance of the bladder. 

Medications: Painkillers to relieve pain and cramps. In some cases, anti-inflammatory medications may also be prescribed​

Chronic bladder infections are recurring or long-lasting infections that may indicate underlying problems such as kidney stones or abnormalities in the urinary tract. Specialized examination and treatment are necessary to identify and address the causes.

To prevent bladder infections, you should drink enough fluids, go to the toilet regularly, and empty your bladder after sexual intercourse. Pay attention to good intimate hygiene and avoid irritants in care products. Wear comfortable, breathable clothing and underwear made of cotton.